二十一世纪大学实用英语综合教程第四册第一单元习题答案和课文翻译

基础英语Book4第一单元学习资料Ⅰ.Exercise9.Takeacloselookatthefollowingpicture.Thinkaboutitforoneminute.Thengiveatwo-minuteoralpresentationtoexplaintotheclasswhatyouthinkitmeans.Questions:1.Whatdoesthemanfillhismindwith,knowledgeormoney?2.Whatdosethemanfillhispocket,knowledgeormoney?3.Whatshouldwedofirst?Tofillourmindwithknowledgeortofillourpocketwithmoney?Preparation:1.Wehavebeentaughttheimportanceofindependence.Actually,wearelearningtobeindependentwhilewearelivingoncampusascollegestudents.Upongraduation,wewilllookforajobandearnalivingintheworldofcompetitiononourown.2.Firstthingsfirst.Wearesupposedtofillour…………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………………………3.Wearelivingintheageofknowledgeeconomy……………………………………………….………………………………………………..4.Today,wearecollegestudentswithemptypockets.…………………………………………................................................................................Ⅱ.LanguagepointsforParagraph11-14ofTextB1.e.g.新的经济发展正推动着变革。Thechangeisbeingpropelledbytheneweconomicdevelopment.2.e.g.Hisspeechismoreofapublic-relationsgimmickthanagenuinecommitment.他的讲话只是一种公关手腕，而不是真正的承诺。3.Ifprideinagoodnamekeepsfamiliesandneighborhoodsstraight,asenseofself-respectisthereversesideofthatcoin.如果说，对好名声的自豪感能使家庭及邻里保持正直，那么，自尊感也能从相反的方向起到同样的作用。4.attribute:vt.considerasbeingtheresultof,ascomingfrom把…归因于；把…归咎于attribute…to…:believe(sth.)tobetheresultof把…归因于；把…归咎于beattributedto…归因于;…归咎于beattributableto……可能归因于……e.g.Davidattributedhiscompany’ssuccesstothehardworkofallthestaff.大卫把他公司的成功归因于全体员工的努力工作。e.g.Thepriceisattributabletoasharpreductionindemand.价格下跌可能归因于需求量的大幅度减少。Note:attributeto(含有较多的客观性)把…归因于;把…归咎于ascribeto(主观臆断成分较重）把……归功于accreditto(一般只用于好事,不用于坏事)把……归因于imputeto(则多用于坏事）把……归因于/归咎于/转嫁于e.g.Thecommentatorattributedtherisingproductiontothenewpolicy.评论家认为是一项新政策促使生产上升TheRomansascribedtheirvictoriestotheblessingofthegoods.罗马人把他们的胜利归功于神的保佑。e.g.Thesuccesswasaccreditedtothegoodplanning.这次成功的实现归功于计划订得好。e.g.他们认为，事故是他的疏忽造成的。Theyimputedtheaccidenttohiscarelessness.5.becommittedto:bemorallydedicatedto;beboundasbyapromiseto对…承担义务；承诺做…；答应…e.g.Ihaven’tbeencommittedtoanyoneuntilnow.到目前为止，我还没有对任何人承担义务。e.g.我答应参加这个会议。Iamcommittedtotakingpartinthemeeting.6.portray:vt.makeapictureof(sb./sth.);describeinwords为…画像；描绘;描写e.g.Theirmusicportraysalifestylethatnolongerexists.他们的音乐展示了一种已经不复存在的生活方式。7..mostly:ad.nearlyalways;nearlyall;mainly通常；几乎全部地；多半；主要地e.g.GreenteasaremostlyfromChinaorJapan.绿茶主要产自中国和日本。e.g.Therewereaboutfifteenpeopleintheroom,mostlywomen.房间里大约有15个人，多数是女性。e.g.TheymostlygotoFrancefortheirholidays.他们通常去法国度假。8.vanish:vi.disappear消失e.g.我原以为会下雨的，可是乌云消散了，是个好天。Ithoughtitwouldrain,butthecloudshavevanishedandit’safineday.e.g.美梦化为了泡影。Thewonderfuldreamvanishedintothinair.9.self-respect:n.reasonableprideinwhatoneisanddoes自尊(心)e.g.一个长期失业的人很难保持自尊。It’sdifficulttokeepyourself-respectwhenyouhavebeenunemployedforalongtime.10.e.g.Seriousillnessoftenresultsinalossofconfidenceandself-respect.严重的疾病往往会使人丧失信心和自尊。11.profanity:n.(exampleof)usingprofanelanguageorbeingprofane使用亵渎语言；污言秽语；亵渎e.g.Hewasfinedforprofanityincourt.他为在法庭上用污言秽语/亵渎的语言而被课罚金。12.…kidsdon’tthinktwiceaboutbadlanguage.:…youngpeopleneverhesitatetousebadlanguage;itseemsnormaltothem.……孩子们想也不想就会随口说脏话。14.thinktwice:thinkverycarefullybeforedecidingtodosth.;hesitate仔细考虑;犹豫e.g.在雇用一个你从未谋面的人之前，你要三思。Youshouldthinktwiceaboutemployingsomeoneyou’venevermet.15.reputation:n.whatisgenerallysaidorbelievedabouttheabilities,qualities,etc.ofsb./sth.名声；名誉；声誉e.g.amanofgoodreputation名誉很好的人e.g.JudgeKelsohasareputationforbeingstrictbutfair.凯尔索法官以严格而公正而闻名。e.g.尽管他有惹是生非的名声，他仍然被提升为部门经理。Despitehisreputationasatrouble-maker,hewaspromotedtodepartmentmanager.16.careabout:mind,beworriedorconcernedabout对…关心；注意e.g.他只关心自己。Allhecaresaboutishimself.e.g.我不管你怎么想，我肯定他是对的。Idon’tcareaboutwhatyouthink;Iamcertainheisright17.passon:giveorleavetopeoplewhoareyoungerorcomelater传给(后代)e.g.他说他会把消息传给其他的学生Shesaidshe’dpassthemessageontotheotherstudents.18.uphold:vt.［upheld,upheld］support;preventfrombeingweakenedortakenaway维护；维持；保持e.g.upholdaright维护权利e.g.upholdtheleadershipoftheparty坚持党的领导e.g.Theywanttoupholdtraditionalfamilyvalues.他们要维护传统的家庭价值观念。19,tothisday:untilnow到现在，至今e.g.Doctorshavebeenabletodoverylittletothisdaytotreatthisdisease.到目前为止，医生对于治疗这种疾病仍然无能为力。e.g.Tothisdaynooneknowswherethemoneywent.至今无人知道那笔钱哪儿去了。20.sibling:n.brotherorsister同胞手足(指兄、弟、姐、妹)e.g.Mostyoungsmokersareinfluencedbytheirfriends’andsiblings’smokinghabits.多数年轻人吸烟都是受朋友和兄弟姐妹的吸烟习惯影响。21.knowof:have(some)knowledgeof;haveheardof知道;了解;听说e.g.你知道这一地区有什么好的餐馆吗？Doyouknowofanygoodrestaurantsinthearea?e.g.“DoyouknowDr.Jones?”“Well,IknowofhimbutI’mnothispatient.”“你认识琼斯大夫吗？”“呃,我听说过他,但我并不是他的病人。”22.pave:vt.cover(aroad,etc.)withflatstonesorbricks(用石或砖)铺(路等)e.g.Thestreetstherearepavedwithdarkstone.那里的街道是用黑色的石头铺的。pavetheway(for):makepreparations(forsth.)(为…)铺平道路，(为…)作好准备e.g.Galileo'sachievementsinphysicalsciencepavedthewayforNewton’sdiscoveries.伽利略在物理学上的成就为牛顿的发现铺平了道路。e.g.Agoodeducationpavedthewaytosuccess.良好的教育为成功铺平了道路。TextC遗产比尔·盖瑟Paragraph1-41.一天下午，我和本吉一起在院子里干活。这是大学学期之间的一个夏季，对我的儿子来说是个前途不定的时期。本吉想步我的后尘成为一名音乐家，但他却急于求成。我很同情他