新概念3第二课讲义

Lesson2Thirteenequalsone(1)Ourvicarisalwaysraisingmoneyforonecauseoranother,buthehasnevermanagedtogetenoughmoneytohavethechurchclockrepaired.1)isalwaysrasingmoney所用的是现在进行时态的机构，但表达的是一般现在时态的内容。这样使用正在进行时态时，除可以表达出一般现在时内容外，往往还含有一定的感情色彩（如表明说话人的赞叹、厌倦等），如：Heisalwaysboasting.一些副词常用于这样的结构中，以加强感情色彩。除文中always外，常见的还有constantly,continually等，如：Myfatherisalwayslosinghiskeys.我父亲总是丢钥匙。Heiscontinuallyaksingmeformoney.他总是不断问我要钱。2)raise.vt.引起，抱起；提高（价格等）；养育；筹集vi.上升，升高Heraisedhishandtowavethecrowd.Ifyouraiseyourvoice,youspeakmoreloudly,usuallybecauseyouareangry.Ifyouraisemoneyforacharityoraninstitution,youaskpeopleformoneywhichyoucollectonitsbehalf.Mymotherwasanamazingwoman.Sheraisedfourofuskidsvirtuallysinglehandedly.3)manageto设法做成某事，必须付出努力。Ifyoumanagetodosomething,especiallysomethingdifficult,yousucceedindoingit.4)havethechurchclockrepairedHavesthdoneIhavemyhaircuteveryonemonth.Ineedtohavemycarrepaired.(2)Thebigclockwhichusedtostrikethehoursdayandnightwasdamagedmanyyearsagoandhasbeensilenteversince.1)usedtodo仅用于表示过去的习惯性动作。Heusedtoplaycardsalot.beusedtodo被用来做某事Inthepast,cowisusedtodofarmwork.beusedtodoing习惯于做某事Mymotherisusedtogettingupearly.2)strikevt.罢（工、课等）；撞；攻击；来到;疾病、灾难等爆发vi.罢工；打击；朝某一方向前进n.攻击；罢工[课，市]；发现onstrikeWorkershaverighttostrike.Shetooktwoquickstepsforwardandstruckhimacrossthemouth.ApowerfulearthquakestrucktheItalianislandofSicilyearlythismorning.poverty-strikenarea贫困地区flood-strikenregion洪水袭击地区Inonevillagealmosttheentirepopulationwasstrikenwithaplague.(3)Lookingathiswatch,hesawthatitwasoneo’clock,butthebellstruckthirtingtimesbeforeitstopped.1)Lookingathiswatch为现在分词短语，作时间状语，说明主句动作发生的时间，如：Turningaround,shesawabluecarcomingtoherdirection.2)Before做时间作于的连接词，同其他用来表示时间状语的连词如after,assoonas,until等一样，从句中的谓语动词通常不用将来时态，如：Thebasketballbouncedtwicebeforehecouldreachit.SunZhongshanwasadoctorbeforebecomingarevolutionary.(4)Armedwithatorch,thevicarwentupintotheclocktowertoseewhatwasgoingon.Armedwithatorch为过去分词短语，作方式状语。分词作状语时，其逻辑主语应与句中主语相一致。注意下列分词短语同句中主语的关系：Notknowingwhattodo,Itelephonethepolice.Puttingdownmynewspaper,Iwalkedoverthewindowandlookedout.Seenfromthehill,thecitylooksmagnificent.Givenmoretime,Iwouldfinishtheworkbetter.Whentreatedwithkindness,hewasveryfriendly.(5)Inthetorchlight,hecaughtsightofafigurewhomheimmediatelyrecognizedasBillWilkins,ourlocalgrocer.1)sightcatchsightof看见----IfyouevercatchsightofTedanywhere,callthepolice.atthesightofIfaintatthesightofblood...short-sighted/longsighted近视的，目光短浅的/目光远大的2)Recognize----as---认出，认可，赞同Hedidnotthinkshecouldrecognizehiscarinthesnow.anationallyrecognizedexpertonpsychologyLangLanghasbeenaworld-recognizedpianist.3)figuren.数字，图解，轮廓,人影，身影vi.计算，出现；vt.计算在内；估计；推测；认为NewGovernmentfigurespredictthatoneintwomarriageswillendindivorce.Afigureisanyofthetenwrittensymbolsfrom0to9thatareusedtorepresentanumber.Shewaited,standingonthebridge,untilhisfigurevanishedagainstthegreybackdropofthePalace.figureout想出;理解;弄清Ittookthemaboutonemonthtofigureouthowtostarttheequipment.(6)“WhateverareyoudoinguphereBill?”askedthevicarinsurprise.1)一般疑问词或疑问副词+ever可用于表示语气强硬，如：Whoeverbrokethevase?Whicheverdoesshewant?Whereverdidyouseehimstealing?2)insurprise惊异地，介词短语，修饰asked.Onhearingthesuddennews,theystaredindumbsurprise.(7)I’vebeencomingupherenightafternightforweeksnow.I’vebeencoming为现在完成进行时结构，表示一定时间以来一直在进行的动作。完成时和完成进行时两者的强调点不同。现在完成时一般用来表示动作的完成或动作产生的结果；现在完成进行时通常用来强调动作仍在进行。比较以下：I’vepaintedtworoomssincelunchtimes.Sorryaboutthemess-I’vebeenpaintinghousesincethelunchtime.(8)Youcertainlygivemeasurprise.英语中助动词do可以用来表示强调。此时助动词do放在位于动词前。表示“确实”Youdidhelpmealot.