UG普遍语法

Universalgrammar(UG)isatheoryinlinguistics,usuallycreditedtoNoamChomsky,proposingthattheabilitytolearngrammarishard-wiredintothebraingovernedbyasetofhighlyabstractprinciples.1.FundamentalDifferenceHypothesiswhathappensinchildlanguageacquisitionisnotthesameaswhathappensinadultsecondlanguageacquisition.2.AccesstoUGHypothesistheinnatelanguagefacilityisaliveandwellinsecondlanguageacquisitionandconstrainsthegrammarsofsecondlanguagelearnersasitdoesthegrammarsofchildfirstlanguagelearners.UGisconsistedof2systems:Thetwopartofuniversalgrammararecommonprinciplesandparameters,bothcollectivelyknownasthecoreofgrammar,istheessenceoflanguage.Principlesprovidedparameterswhicharegivenparticularsettingsindifferentlanguages.StructuredependenceThisprincipleisthatlinguisticprinciplesoperateonsyntactic(orstructural)units.SubjacenySubjacency,whichlimitstheamountofmovementthatcantakeplacewithinsentencesEmptycategoryprinciple(ECP)TheECPisawayofaccountingforasymmetryfoundintheuseornonuseofcaseparticles.Concept:UGparameterisasetofsyntacticoptionsonUGprinciples.Therearecertainlinguisticfeaturesthatvaryacrosslanguages.Theseareexpressedthroughtheconceptoflinguisticparameters.Function:Easingtheburdenonthechild.Inotherwords,ifparametersexist,thechild'staskiseased,becausethereisalimitedrangeofoptionstochoosefrom.