初中一般现在时用法及练习

-1-一般现在时专题讲解1．概念：一般现在时表示经常的、习惯性的动作或存在的状态一般现在时表示现在经常反复发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性的动作的时态。可概括为①经常性或习惯性动作；②长期存在的特征或状态；③普遍真理、客观事实等。2．构成：一般现在时的构成主要有两种形式,一般现在时用行为动词的原形，但第三人称单数作主语时，动词的词尾要加-S。：（1）be型：句子的谓语动词只有be（am，is或are）：a．肯定句中，只出现be，如：Iamastudent．我是一名学生。b．否定句中，要在be后面加not，如：Sheisn'tateacher．她不是教师。c．一般疑问句，要将be放在句子开头（注意句首字母大写），句尾用问号，答语用Yes，主语+be．或No，主语+be+not．如：—Areyouready？—你准备好了吗？—Yes，Iam．—是的，我准备好了。（—No，I'mnot．—不，我没准备好。）（2）实义动词型：句中的谓语动词为实义动词（也叫行为动词）：a．肯定句中，只出现实义动词，如：Igetupinthemorning．我早晨起床。b．否定句中，要在实义动词前面加do（does）＋not，do（does）作助动词，本身无意义，常与not缩写成don't（doesn't），如：Idon'tlikevegetables．我不喜欢蔬菜。c．一般疑问句，要在句子开头加助动词Do（does），句尾用问号，简略答语用Yes，主语+do（does）．或No，主语+do（does）＋not．如：—Doyoulikeoranges？—你喜欢桔子吗？—Yes，Ido．—是的，我喜欢。（—No，Idon't．—不，我不喜欢。）3,一般现在时的用法1)经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频率的时间状语连用。时间状语：every…,sometimes,often,usually,always,at…,onSundayIleavehomeforschoolat7everymorning.2)客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。Theearthmovesaroundthesun.ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.3)表示格言或警句中。Pridegoesbeforeafall.骄者必败。注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。例：Columbusprovedthattheearthisround..4)if条件句或when等时间状语从句主将从现-2-第三人称单数的用法在一般现在时中，当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，即常在动词原形后加-s或-es。但有些同学们对于哪些主语是第三人称单数还不十分清楚，现归纳总结如下：一、人称代词he,she,it是第三人称单数。如：HelikeswatchingTV.他喜欢看电视。Shehaslunchattwelve.她十二点吃午餐。Itlookslikeacat.它看起来像只猫。二、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语；是第三人称单数。如：①HanMeilookslikehermother.韩梅看起来像她的母亲。②BeijingisinChina.北京在中国。③UncleWangoftenmakescakes.王叔叔经常做蛋糕。三、单数可数名词或this/that/the+单数可数名词作主语时，是第三人称单数。如：①Ahorseisausefulanimal.马是有用的动物。②Thisbookisyours.这本书是你的。③Thatcarisred.那辆小汽车是红色的。④ThecatisLucy's.这只猫是露茜的。四、不定代词someone,somebody,nobody,everything,something等及指示代词this,that作主语时，是第三人称单数。如：①Everyoneishere.大家到齐了。②Thereissomethingwrongwiththewatch.这块手表有毛病。③Thisisapen.这是一支钢笔。④Thatisaneraser.那是一块橡皮擦。五、不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。如：①Themilkisintheglass.牛奶在玻璃杯里。②Thebreadisverysmall.那面包很小。六、当数字或字母作主语时，看作第三人称单数。如：①6isaluckynumber.6是个吉利数字。②Iisaletter.I是个字母。六、变化规则V+s;-ch,-sh,-s,-x,-o+es;-辅音字母+y---y变i+es巩固练习题：写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式1.work__________read__________clean__________write__________2.teach__________wash__________guess__________watch__________pass__________fix__________3.go__________do___________4.study__________fly__________cry__________play__________carry__________5.have__________-3-一般现在时疑问、否定句专练一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式work__________do___________fly__________cry__________teach__________carry__________wash__________read__________clean__________pass__________fix__________write__________guess__________watch__________go__________study__________play__________have__________二、把下列句子改为疑问句、否定句1.Heoftenhasdinnerathome._________heoften_________dinnerathome?He_________often_________dinnerathome.What_________heoften_________athome?2.DanielandTommyaremembersoftheReadingClub._________DanielandTommymembersoftheReadingClub?DanielandTommy_________membersoftheReadingClub.3.SheandItakeawalktogethereveryevening._________sheand_________takeawalktogethereveryevening?SheandI__________________awalktogethereveryevening.Howoften_________sheand_________takeawalktogether?4.Thereissomewaterinthebottle._________there_________waterinthebottle.?There_________________waterinthebottle.5.WewatchTVonweekdays.__________________watchTVonweekdays.?We__________________TVonweekdays.What__________________onweekdays.?6.NickdoeshishomeworkonSundays._________Nick_________hishomeworkonSundays?Nick__________________hishomeworkonSundays.What_________Nick_________onSundays?7.Theylikereading._________they_________reading?They__________________reading.8.Shelikestheblackbagverymuch._________she_________theblackbagverymuch?She__________________theblackbagverymuch.What_________she_________verymuch?-4-9.Myparentsreadnewspaperseveryday?__________________parentsreadnewspaperseveryday?Myparents__________________newspaperseveryday.Howoften__________________parentsreadnewspapers?10.ThegirlteachesusEnglishonSundays._________thegirl__________________EnglishonSundays?Thegirl___________________________EnglishonSundays.What_________thegirl__________________onSundays?11.Myclassmateknowsthemanonthebike.__________________classmate_________themanonthebike?Myclassmate__________________themanonthebike.Who__________________classmate_________?12.Hissisterusuallygoestoschoolat7:00am._________hissisterusually_________toschoolat7:00am?Hissister_________usually_________toschoolat7:00am.When_________hissisterusually_________toschool?13.LinTaolikeshisnewsweater._________LinTao_________hisnewsweater?LinTao__________________hisnewsweater.What_________LinTao_________?14.Theclothingshopisonsale._________theclothingshoponsale?Theclothingshop_________onsale.15.Maryhassomebooks._________Maryhas_________books.Mary___________________________books.16.HelikesEnglish._________he_________English?He__________________English.17.Iwanttogotoamovie.__________________wanttogotoamovie?I__________________togotoamovie.18.Heknowstheteacher’sname._________he_________theteacher’sname?He__________________theteacher’sname.Whosename_________he_________?-5-19.Ieatappleseveryday.__________________eatappleseveryday?I__________________appleseveryday.Howoften__