完型填空解题技巧

完型填空试题主要特点：1.通常从一篇250词左右，夹叙夹议的文章中设空20个，首句不挖空做完形填空时要注意文章开头提示句的点题作用和短文中完整句的启示作用；2.考点层次可分为四类：单词层次，词组层次，句子层次与语篇层次，突出语篇的理解，突出文化背景;3.干扰项设计严密，一般说来，四个选项的词性相同或属于同等或对等范畴，干扰项填入后在语法上并不存在错误，对考生有很大的迷惑作用。完形填空考点和能力要求分析命题意图：在语篇层面上考查常用词汇的准确、得体的应用。选材：以夹叙夹议或叙述文为主，信息量大，情节曲折。基本能力：1）阅读理解能力2）词汇运用能力完形填空的解题思路：1）句子理解—考查单句语境中词语运用2）上下文理解—考查并列句及复合句语境中词语的运用3）段落理解—围绕段落主旨的段落语境中词语的运用4）文章中心理解—围绕文章中心的文章整体语境中词语运用命题意图：在语篇层面上考查常用词汇的准确、得体的应用。选材：以夹叙夹议或叙述文为主，信息量大，情节曲折。基本能力：1）阅读理解能力2）词汇运用能力完形填空的解题思路：1）句子理解—考查单句语境中词语运用2）上下文理解—考查并列句及复合句语境中词语的运用3）段落理解—围绕段落主旨的段落语境中词语的运用4）文章中心理解—围绕文章中心的文章整体语境中词语运用为什么我们在这一题型上总是失分较多?1.没有严格遵循答题步骤:多数同学考试时担心时间紧,在没有弄清短文的中心和文章的情节线索的情况下匆忙答题.事实上我们用在这一题上的时间可以达到15-18分钟.切记:一定要用2-3分钟时间进行缺词阅读,弄清文章大意和基本脉络后再着手逐个填空.2.不注意积累答题技巧:a.忽略文章中上下文之间的照应关系;b.遇到长句不注意分析句子结构,在语义模糊时抱碰运气的心理随意作出选择.跳过空格，通读全文，把握大意再读全文，反复检查结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案瞻前顾后，先易后难，个个击破完形填空的解题步骤把握整体具体分析词汇题高考完形填空考什么？篇章结构句际关系1.复现词汇题AllofasuddenIstartedtofeelrather___.ShewonderedwhyIwaslookingforthissortof__.Ifeltevenmorehopelesswhenshetoldmethatitwouldbedifficulttogetajobwithoutexperience.1.A.encouragedB.dissatisfiedC.hopelessD.pleased2.A.placeB.jobC.adviceD.help12C.hopelessB.job(2005NMET)MysisterandIgrewupinalittlevillageinEngland.Ourfatherwasastruggling36,butIalwaysknewhewas37.36.A.biologistB.managerC.lawyerD.gardener37.A.strictB.honestC.specialD.learned…henevercriticizedus,butused38(praise)tobringoutourbest…fathersaid:“whenIwas23,mydadpersuadedmetogointolaw”.C.lawyerC.specialIfhecouldreplacehisgreatpainwithafeelingofloveforothers,thenIshouldbe____togiveupmysmallirritation(恼火).A.readyB.likelyC.freeD.ableStudentsgenerallyappreciatethesespeciallearningopportunities.Theyarealmostalwaysfunandinteresting,andprofessors______themtoobecausestudentslearnsomuchinjustafewshortmonths.A.holdB.likeC.dislikeD.discoverAtthetablenexttominesatanattractive,______couple,waitingforservice.A.lonelyB.curiousC.well-dressedD.bad-temperedBeforesettingout,ItoldBarrettthistripwouldbetiringand______.A.roughB.dirtyC.anxiousD.violent2.(08天津卷）ThenextdayJennawenttoseeMrs.Bidenaboutbeingontheschool25.Mrs.Bidenwasn’tas26(enthusiastic)asJenna.“I’msorry,butwehaveenough27(writer)forthenewspaperalready.A.committeeB.newspaperC.radioD.team原词重现3.(08山东卷)Garth’se-mailwasshort,butIlearnedmorefromthat52messagethanIeverdidfromatextbook.A.accurateB.urgentC.briefD.humorous同义词、近义词复现2.词语的习惯用法和固定搭配1.Wecanseethereisalotofsleepingonthebusortrainonthe______homefromworkintheevenings.A.wayB.trackC.pathD.roadA.wayonthewayhome回家路上根据搭配确定词汇2.Leaningback,she______herfeetontothesofatogetcomfortable.A.shookB.putC.bentD.keptB.putput…onto把…放在/搁在…根据意义辨析确定词汇3.Itwasanearlymorninginsummer.Inthestreets,sleepy-eyedpeopleweremovingquickly,headingtowardstheir______.A.jobsB.homesC.housesD.offices根据生活常识确定词汇A.jobs4.（08安徽)Therearemanydifferentwaysofseeingatownforthefirsttime.Oneofthemistowalkaroundit,guide-book36hand.A.inB.atC.byD.on5.（08安徽)Whenwe41(lookat)itasawhole,webegintohavesome42,whicheventhebestguide-booksdonotanswer.A.ideasB.opinionsC.feelingsD.questions5.(08湖南)Cassielookedatme,andherglare.Ilaughed,Shesmiled…A.returnedB.remainedC.increasedD.softened6.(08四川）Iknewshehadstrictsleepinghabits,butIthoughtsheoughttobeableto22someofthisstrictness.A.putupB.takeupC.pickupD.giveup例1：Itwasanearlymorninginsummer.Inthestreets,sleepy-eyedpeopleweremovingquickly,headingtowardstheir___.Thiswasthebeginningofanother_____dayinNewYorkCity.1.A.jobsB.homesC.busesD.offices2.A.workingB.hotC.sameD.ordinary分析：从信息词“earlymorning”和“sleepy-eyed”来判断，B.homes不符合逻辑，按生活经验，他们是去上班。这时有些考生也许会认为，既然上班，就要去“挤公交车”或“去办公室”。但上班的方式也有步行的、骑车的或坐地铁的，也有自己开车去的。人们上班有去农场的、煤矿的，还有去工厂车间的，不一定去办公室。因此，C.buses和D.offices不符合生活实际。1题只有A.jobs才是最合乎逻辑的选项，人们起床后，各自奔向自己的工作岗位。而这种情况是天天发生，是平平常常的，因此2题答案是D.ordinary(08湖南卷)ImademysandwichthatafternoonwhilewaitingforCassie.39thebutter-creamgavemeanidea.A.SpreadingB.BoilingC.BakingD.HoldingEverymorningshewouldgivehimbreakfast29bedandbringhimthepapersto30.29.A.toB.atC.inD.by30.A.checkB.readC.keepD.sign替代省略1.语法手段语法项目9.ThestrangeDrhadbeenlovedbysomeone:hehadgivenhislife,asCharley_____,foracausehebelievedright.A./B.hadbeenC.hadD.haddone省略逻辑手段2.逻辑手段分指关系转折关系因果关系解释关系顺序关系并列关系…Shewassmallinfigurebutstrongin______.A.brainB.wishC.willD.healthAlthoughthehappiesttimeformanystudentsisgettinglettersfromhome,mymailboxwasfrequently______.A.emptyB.fullC.closedD.open根据连词(and,but,although)确定选项。EverymorningIgotontheschoolbusrightnearmyhome–thatwasnoproblem.Afterschool,____,whenallthebuseswerelinedupalongthestreet,IwasafraidthatI’dgetonthewrongoneandbetakentosome,unfamiliarneighborhood.A.thoughB.yetC.althoughD.stillHeappearedcalm,____insidehisheartwasbeatingwildlywithfear.A.andB.orC.butD.otherwise分析：(1)填though，adv.,表示前一句与本句的转折,although:连词。(2)填but,表calm和fear对照。Markkneltdownandhelpedtheboypickedupthesearticles._____theyweregoingthesameway,hehelpedtocarrysomeofthemforhim.A.AlthoughB.sinceC.AfterD.UntilThinkaboutit,___,whilewalkingtowork,wemarkwherewearebypassingacertainbuilding,whyshouldwenotmarkwherewearewhenwepassafamiliar,thoughunnamed,person?A.BecauseB.IfC.AlthoughD.However3.Bsince表由于,引导原因状语从句,although让步状语从句,表转折,