人教版英语必修5第五单元语法省略

为了使语言简洁或避免重复,省略句中的一个或几个句子成分,这种语法现象称为省略。(1)(I)Begyourpardon.(2)(It)Soundslikeagoodidea.(1)(Is)Anybodyhere?(2)(Isthere)AnythingIcandoforyou?主语谓语或谓语的一部分A:WherehasMrSmithgone?B:Sorry,Idon’tknow(wherehehasgone.)(1)(Areyou)Hungry?(2)(Iwant)Orangejuice,please.宾语主语和谓语(或主语和谓语的一部分）A:Wouldyouliketocometotheparty?B:I’dloveto(cometheparty.)Theydonotvisittheirparentsasmuchastheyoughtto(visittheirparents).不定式后省略动词动词不定式中为了避免重复，省去与前面出现的相同部分，只保留to，但如果在省略的不定式结构中含有be，have,havebeen时，要保留这些词。–Areyougoingthere?–Yes,I’dliketo.Hedidn’tgivemethechance,thoughhehadpromisedto.–Areyouanengineer?–No,butIwantto.–Hehasn’tfinishedthetaskyet.–Well,heoughtto.(gothere).(givemethechance).behave不定式中的省略－AreyouleavingforBeijingthisSunday?－Ithinkso.soI’mleavingforBeijingthisSunday.－Tommustbefreetoday.－Ifso,hecanhelpus.soheisfree.主句中有一些成分被省略、而用so或not来代替－Itisgoingtorain,isn’tit?－Ihopenot.notitisnotgoingtorain.为了避免重复前面所说过的内容，可用替代词so/not代替肯定/否定的从句。常if或与动词believe,expect,guess,hope,suppose,think及I’mafraid等连用（注意：肯定时上列动词都可与so搭配，否定时hopeguess只用Ihopenot和Iguessnot形式，其余有两种否定式，如：Ithinknot或Idon’tthinkso.）---Doyouthinkit'sgoingtorainovertheweekend?---________.A.Idon'tbelieveB.Idon'tbelieveitC.IbelievenotsoD.IbelievenotWeallknow(that)theearthrunsaroundthesun.(that)宾语从句中的省略宾语从句中常省略连词that，但当有两个并列的宾语从句时，第二个that则不能省略。Marysaid(that)sheisfromAmericanandthatsheis16yearsold.(that)定语从句中的省略在定语从句中，that,which,who在从句中作宾语时可省略。Ihaven’treadthebook(that/which)you’rereading.(that/which)Theman(that/who)yourfatherjusttalkedtoisourEnglishteacher,Mr.Smith.(that/who)状语从句中的省略在以when,while,once引导的时间状语从句及以if,unless引导的条件状语从句中和though,although引导的让步状语从句中，如果从句中的主语与主句中的主语指同一对象，且从句中含有be动词时，从句中可省去“主语+be”部分。Whenaskedwhathehaddone,Johnjustkeptsilent.Whenhewasaskedwhathehaddone,Johnjustkeptsilent.heIfheisfree,Jackwillgowithus.hewasIffree,Jackwillgowithus.heisUnlessinvited,hewon’tcome.Unlessheisinvited,hewon’tcome.heWhileheisdoinghousework,myfatheroftenlistenstomusic.heisWhiledoinghousework,myfatheroftenlistenstomusic.heishe在以if引导的非真实条件句中若含有were,had,should时，常可以省略if而将were,had,should置于句首。WereIyou,I’dgivetheAIDSpatientahug.WereHadIalotofmoney,I’daidthepoorchildren.HadShouldtherebebird-flu,whatwouldwedo?Should虚拟条件句中的省略IfIwereyou,I’dgivetheAIDSpatientahug.IfIhadalotofmoney,I’daidthepoorchildren.Hesuggestweshouldsetoutrightaway.(should)在含有表示“命令、要求、建议、许可”或“禁止”等意义的名词性从句中使用“should+动词原形”表示虚拟语气的，should常可以省略。如：Hissuggestionisthatweshouldsetoutrightaway.(should)Theorderthatweshouldstaywhereweareisveryseriousandsevere.(should)It’sveryimportantthatstudentsshouldstudyhardatschool.(should)Nowit’syourturntofindoutwhathavebeenleftout.1.Haven’tseenyouforages.2.Somemoretea?3.Soundslikeagoodidea.Ihaven’tseenyouforages.Wouldyoulikesomemoretea?That/Itsoundslikeagoodidea.省略一些不言自明的成分4.Don’tmaketoomuchnoise.5.Sorrytohearthat.Youdon’tmaketoomuchnoise.I’msorrytohearthat.6.Pityyoucouldn’tcome7.Thisway,please.It’s/Whatapityyoucouldn’tcome.Stepthisway,please.在祈使句中，通常都省略主语you,有时还可省略句首动词8.Terribleweather!9.Joiningusforadrink?10.Goingtothesupermarket?Whatterribleweatheritis!Areyoujoiningusforadrink?Areyougoingtothesupermarket?在提出问题时，往往可以省略句子的起首部分在感叹句中，有时可省略后面的主语和系动词ExercisesaboutEllipsis.从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Theexperimentshowsthatproperamountsofexercise,if______regularly,canimproveourhealth.A.beingcarriedoutB.carryingoutC.carriedoutD.tocarryout（浙江2010）2.Someofyoumayhavefinishedunitone.______,youcangoontounittwo.A.IfyoumayB.IfyoudoC.IfnotD.Ifso（江西2009）3.—What’sthematterwithDella?—Well,herparentswouldn’tallowhertogototheparty,butshestill_____.A.hopestoB.hopessoC.hopesnotD.hopesfor（江苏2009）4.—Haveyougotanyparticularplansforthecomingholiday?—Yes.______,I’mgoingtovisitsomehomesfortheoldinthecity.A.IfeverB.IfbusyC.IfanythingD.Ifpossible（安徽2008）5.—DoyouhaveanyideawhatPauldoesallday?—AsIknow,hespendsatleastasmuchtimeplayingashe____.A.writesB.doeswritingC.iswritingD.doeswrite（重庆2007）6.Weallknowthat,______,thesituationwillgetworse.A.notifdealtcarefullywithB.ifnotcarefullydealtwithC.ifdealtnotcarefullywithD.notifcarefullydealtwith（2007全国卷I）7.Don’ttaketoomuchofthemedicine;itdoesyoumoreharmthangoodifyou______.A.doB.takeC.likeD.have（江西2007）8.—Iwaswonderingifwecouldgoskiingontheweekend.—______good.A.SoundB.SoundedC.SoundingD.Sounds（湖北2006）下列各句均有一处错误，请指出并改正。1.Ourhometownisnolongerwhatitusedto.2.WhenIintrouble,Ialwaysturntoherforhelp.3.Tompickedupacoinintheroadandhandedonetoapoliceman.be第一个I后加am或去掉第一个Iit4.Noonecanbearbeinglaughedinpublic.5.Whencomparingwiththesizeofthewholeearth,thebiggestoceandoesn’tseembigatall.6.Thegoodswereorderedlastmonthhaven’tarrivedyet.atcomparedgoods后加that或去掉wereChoosethebestanswers.1)----Tomorrowisaholiday.Whyareyoudoingyourhomework?-----IamdoingtheseexercisesnowsothatIwon’thave_____onSunday.A.itB.themC.forD.to2)----ShallIinviteAnntomybirthdaypartytomorrowevening?----Yes.It’llbefineifyou______.A.areB.canC.inviteD.do3)----Aren’tyouthemanager?----No,andI______A.don’twanttoB.don’twanttobeC.don’twantbeD.don’twant4)---I’llbeawayonabusinesstrip.Wouldyoumindlookingaftermycat?---Notatall______.A.I’veno