毕业生第一份工作_自我营销

阅读难度：CET-4byPhyllisKorkki张辉译Thisspring,collegeseniorsareenteringabetterjobmarketthantheclassof2009faced.Unfortunately,thatisnotsayingmuchbecause2009wasoneoftheworstyearsinthehistoryofhiring.Still,hiringofthisyear’scropofgraduatesisup5percentoverthepreviousyear,accordingtotheNationalAssociationofCollegesandEmployers.Toemployersthemostdesirablemajorsincludeaccounting,engineering,computingandmathematics,accordingtoEdwinKoc,researchdirectoroftheassociation.Companiesarealsoseekingevidenceofcommunicationandwritingskills,analytical1abilityandteamwork,Mr.Kocsaid.Whateveryourstrengthsandweaknesses,youwillneedto“BringYourAGame2”tothisjobmarket,saidKatharineBrooks,directorofliberalartscareerservicesattheUniversityofTexas.相对于2009级毕业生，今春大学毕业生面临的就业市场要好一些。不幸的是，不是说今年的市场有多好，只是因为2009年是史上昀糟糕的就业市场之一。不过，据全国大学和雇主联合委员会称，今年这一届毕业生的就业率较去年还是提升了5%。据该联委会的研究室主任艾德文考克称，雇主需求昀多的专业包括会计学，工程学，计算机和数学。公司也在寻求具有沟通与写作技能、分析能力与团队合作精神的人才。来自德克萨斯大学的文科职业指导凯瑟琳布鲁克斯说，无论你有什么样的优、缺点，你都要把自己昀好的一面拿到就业市场上去。CAREER职场ESGraduates’FirstJob:MarketingThemselves毕业生第一份工作：自我营销36英语沙龙·实战2010.08Dr.Brookshasseensomeevidenceofanupturn3.Forexample,FacebookjustopenedanofficeinAustinwithmanypositionsthatwouldbeappropriatefornewcollegegraduates.Butoverall,“we’rejusttalkingaglimmer4ofhopeinanotherwisebleak5picture,”shesaid.Thatmeansyoucan’tbecasualaboutyourjobsearch,shesaid,andyourresume,coverletterandinterviewingskillsmustbetopnotch6.Aboveall,“youneedtobeabletoarticulate7thevalueofyourdegree,”shesaid,especiallyifyouareintheliberalarts,andthereisn’talinearconnectionbetweenwhatyoumajoredinandthejobyouareseeking.Takephilosophymajors.Therearen’talotofjobsforphilosophers.Butpeopleuselogictoformulate8andweighideasandtoreachconclusions,whichcanmaketraininginphilosophyveryeffectiveinthebusinessworld,Dr.Brookssaid.Beingabletospellthatoutconcretely,withspecificexamples,couldbecrucialtobeinghired.Englishmajorsfacesimilarhurdles9.Butinmostfields,itisimportanttowriteandspeakclearlyandtoseethingsfromdifferentperspectives.AgraduatewithanEnglishdegreewhotailorsthosestrengthstoaparticularjobdescriptioncanmakeastrongcaseforbeinghired.Anunderstandingofthehumanconditiongainedthroughgreatliteraturecanbehelpfulinprofessionslikesocialwork,Dr.Brookssaid.Beyondyourmajor,havingstoriestotellaboutyourexperienceswouldmakeyouagoodemployee,suggestedNathanBennett,aprofessorattheGeorgiaTechCollegeofManagement.Anditdoesn’thavetobeworkexperience.Forexample,someonewhohasbeenacampcounselorwillhaveleadershipstoriestotell,hesaid.Inthismarket,graduatesneedtobeflexibleaboutgeographiclocation,jobtitleandsalary,Dr.Bennettsaid.Andtheyshouldbewillingtoconsiderasmallercompanyratherthanamarquee10name.Takefulladvantageofyourschool’splacementofficeandalumninetwork,Dr.Bennettsaid.But“thetrickisnottoaimtoohigh.”Ifyouareapplyingforajobatabank,talktoa25-or26-year-oldalumnusthereratherthana45-year-old,hesaid,becausethatpersonwillhaveabetterideaofhowtogethiredattheentrylevel.布鲁克斯博士看到了就业市场回暖的一些迹象。比如，Facebook在奥斯丁开设了一个拥有众多职位的部门，这些职位对于应届大学毕业生非常合适。但是就总体而言，她说：“我们谈的只是在整体暗淡的背景下闪现出的片刻希望之光。”她说，这意味着你不能对求职漫不经心，你的简历、求职信及面试技巧都需要是一流的。首先，她说：“你需要有能力说清楚你学位的价值。”尤其是在当你学的是文科且没有办法把你所学专业与所找工作直接联系的情况下。拿哲学专业举个例子。布鲁克斯博士说，没有许多职位可以留给哲学家，可是人们可以运用推理方法去整理和权衡各种意见，从而得出结论，这使得哲学素养在生意场上非常有用。有能力通过明确的事例具体地阐明你之所学，是你被雇用的关键。英语专业面临相似困境。然而在大多数领域，清楚地写出和说出以及能从不同的角度看问题是很重要的。在特定的职业描述中，英语专业毕业生如果能充分显示出这方面的长处，就可能是受到雇用的热门人选。布鲁克斯博士说，从伟大文学作品中获得对人类状况的认知，有助于从事像社会工作这样的职业。乔治亚科技大学管理学院的教授内森班尼特建议，除了所学专业之外，讲一讲个人经历也能使你成为一名好雇员。这不一定非要是工作经验。比如，当过夏令营指导老师的人就可以讲一讲自己的领导经验。班尼特博士说，在这个就业市场，毕业生需要在地理位置、工作职位和薪资方面变得灵活一些，并且相比于大公司，要更乐于考虑一些小公司。班尼特博士说，要充分利用你学校里的就业指导办公室及校友人脉。但“关键是不可好高骛远”。他说，如果你正在银行申请一个职位，那么找一位25、6岁的校友聊一聊，而不要去找一位45岁的校友，因为在如何被雇用的入门级问题上，年轻的校友会有更好的主意。布鲁克斯博士说，许多刚毕业的学生不能确定他们想做什么，生怕入错行。但是要记住没有工作是一成不变的。她用混沌理论的隐喻来解释求职过程。她说：“这是个复杂的世界，你预测不了所有的事情，所以37英语沙龙·实战2010.08Manynewgraduatesarenotsurewhattheywanttodoandareworriedabouttakingthewrongjob,Dr.Brookssaid.Rememberthatnojobneedstobepermanent.Sheusesthemetaphor11ofchaostheory12toexplainthejobsearchprocess.“It’sacomplexworld,andyoucan’tpredicteverything,sodon’ttryto,”shesaid.Whenyouarestartingintheworkforce,“Lookforopportunitiestolearn,takearisk,trythingsout,seewhatyoulike,andalwaysbeopentothenextopportunity,”shesaid.Ifyoudon’tlikeyourfirstjob,atleastyouhavelearnedwhatyoudon’tlike,andyoucancarrythatknowledgetoyournextjob,shesaid.Graduatescanfallvictimtoasenseofparalysis13iftheyaren’tsurewhatdirectiontotake,Dr.Bennettsaid.Peopleintheirearly20shaveplentyoftimetotakechances.Afterall,theirworkinglifeisprobablygoingtolastatleasttwiceaslongastheircurrentage,hesaid.Somegraduateswithlittleornoworkexperiencemaywonderwhattheyhavetoofferoveranapplicantwithmoreexperience.Butrecentcollegegraduatesarelessexpensivethanmoreseasonedworkers,andthatcanbeanadvantage(totheemployer,ifnotthegraduate’swallet)inatoughereconomy.Butmainly,businesseshirenewgraduatesasaninvestment,saidDanBlack,America’sdirectorforcampusrecruitingatErnst&Young.Foronething,youngerpeopletendtohaveastrongergraspofthelatesttechnology,Mr.Blacksaid.Inaddition,thisgenerationofstudentshasbeenexposedtogreaterculturaldiver