2015年雅思阅读模拟试题及答案解析五

newweapontofightcancer1.Britishscientistsarepreparingtolaunchtrialsofaradicalnewwaytofightcancer，whichkillstumoursbyinfectingthemwithviruseslikethecommoncold.2.Ifsuccessful，virustherapycouldeventuallyformathirdpillaralongsideradiotherapyandchemotherapyinthestandardarsenalagainstcancer，whileavoidingsomeofthedebilitatingside-effects.3.LeonardSeymour，aprofessorofgenetherapyatOxfordUniversity，whohasbeenworkingonthevirustherapywithcolleaguesinLondonandtheUS，willleadthetrialslaterthisyear.CancerResearchUKsaidyesterdaythatitwasexcitedbythepotentialofProfSeymour'spioneeringtechniques.4.Oneofthecountry'sleadinggeneticists，ProfSeymourhasbeenworkingwithvirusesthatkillcancercellsdirectly，whileavoidingharmtohealthytissue.Inprinciple，you'vegotsomethingwhichcouldbemanytimesmoreeffectivethanregularchemotherapy，hesaid.5.Cancer-killingvirusesexploitthefactthatcancercellssuppressthebody'slocalimmunesystem.Ifacancerdoesn'tdothat，theimmunesystemwipesitout.Ifyoucangetavirusintoatumour，virusesfindthemaverygoodplacetobebecausethere'snoimmunesystemtostopthemreplicating.Youcanregarditasthecancer'sAchilles'heel.6.Onlyasmallamountofthevirusneedstogettothecancer.Theyreplicate，yougetamillioncopiesineachcellandthecellburstsandtheyinfectthetumourcellsadjacentandrepeattheprocess，saidProfSeymour.7.Preliminaryresearchonmiceshowsthatthevirusesworkwellontumoursresistanttostandardcancerdrugs.It'saninterestingpossibilitythattheymayhaveanadvantageinkillingdrug-resistanttumours，whichcouldbequitedifferenttoanythingwe'vehadbefore.8.Researchershaveknownforsometimethatvirusescankilltumourcellsandsomeaspectsoftheworkhavealreadybeenpublishedinscientificjournals.Americanscientistshavepreviouslyinjectedvirusesdirectlyintotumoursbutthistechniquewillnotworkifthecancerisinaccessibleorhasspreadthroughoutthebody.9.ProfSeymour'sinnovativesolutionistomaskthevirusfromthebody'simmunesystem，effectivelyallowingthevirusestodowhatchemotherapydrugsdo-spreadthroughthebloodandreachtumourswherevertheyare.Thebighurdlehasalwaysbeentofindawaytodelivervirusestotumoursviathebloodstreamwithoutthebody'simmunesystemdestroyingthemontheway.10.Whatwe'vedoneismakechemicalmodificationstothevirustoputapolymercoataroundit-it'sastealthviruswhenyouinjectit，hesaid.11.Afterthestealthvirusinfectsthetumour，itreplicates，butthecopiesdonothavethechemicalmodifications.Iftheyescapefromthetumour，thecopieswillbequicklyrecognisedandmoppedupbythebody'simmunesystem.12.Thetherapywouldbeespeciallyusefulforsecondarycancers，calledmetastases，whichsometimesspreadaroundthebodyafterthefirsttumourappears.There'sanawfulstatisticofpatientsinthewest...withmalignantcancers；75%ofthemgoontodiefrommetastases，saidProfSeymour.13.Twovirusesarelikelytobeexaminedinthefirstclinicaltrials：adenovirus，whichnormallycausesacold-likeillness，andvaccinia，whichcausescowpoxandisalsousedinthevaccineagainstsmallpox.Forsafetyreasons，bothwillbedisabledtomakethemlesspathogenicinthetrial，butProfSeymoursaidheeventuallyhopestousenaturalviruses.14.Thefirsttrialswilluseuncoatedadenovirusandvacciniaandwillbedeliveredlocallytolivertumours，inordertoestablishwhetherthetreatmentissafeinhumansandwhatdoseofviruswillbeneeded.Severalmoreyearsoftrialswillbeneeded，eventuallyalsoonthepolymer-coatedviruses，beforethetherapycanbeconsideredforuseintheNHS.Thoughtheapproachwillbeexaminedatfirstforcancersthatdonotrespondtoconventionaltreatments，ProfSeymourhopesthatonedayitmightbeappliedtoallcancers.Questions1-6Dothefollowingstatementsagreewiththeinformationgiveninthereadingpassage？Forquestions1-6writeTRUEifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationFALSEifthestatementcontradictstheinformationNOTGIVENifthereisnoinformationonthisinthepassage1.Virustherapy，ifsuccessful，hasanadvantageineliminatingside-effects.2.CancerResearchUKisquitehopefulaboutProfessorSeymour’sworkonthevirustherapy.3.Viruscankillcancercellsandstopthemfromgrowingagain.4.Cancer’sAchilles’heelreferstothefactthatvirusmaystaysafelyinatumorandreplicate.5.Toinfectthecancercells，agooddealofvirusesshouldbeinjectedintothetumor.6.Researchesonanimalsindicatethatviruscouldbeusedasanewwaytotreatdrug-resistanttumors.Question7-9Basedonthereadingpassage，choosetheappropriateletterfromA-Dforeachanswer.7.Informationaboutresearchesonviruseskillingtumorcellscanbefound(A)onTV(B)inmagazines(C)oninternet(D)innewspapers8.Totreattumorsspreadingoutinbody，researcherstryto(A)changethebody’immunesystem(B)injectchemotherapydrugsintobloodstream.(C)increasetheamountofinjection(D)disguisethevirusesonthewaytotumors.9.Whenthechemicalmodifiedvirusintumorreplicates，thecopies(A)willsoonescapefromthetumorandspreadout.(B)willbewipedoutbythebody’simmunesystem.(C)willbeimmediatelyrecognizedbytheresearchers.(D)willeventuallystopthetumorfromspreadingoutQuestions10-13Completethesentencesbelow.Chooseyouranswersfromthelistofwords.Youcanonlyuseeachwordonce.NBTherearemorewordsinthelistthanspacessoyouwillnotusethemall.Inthefirstclinicaltrials，scientistswilltryto……10……adenovirusandvaccinia，soboththeviruseswillbelesspathogenicthanthe……11…….Theseuncoatedvir