2021.12六级真题第3套

2021年12月大学英语六级考试真题（第3套）PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayrelatedtotheshortpassagegivenbelow.Inyouressay,youaretocommentonthephenomenondescribedinthepassageandsuggestmeasurestoaddresstheissue.Youshouldwriteatleast15wordsbutnomorethan虚wordsSomeparentsinChinaareoverprotectiveoftheirchildren.Theyplaneverythingfortheirchildren,makeallthedecisionsforthem,anddonotallowthemtoexploreontheirownincasetheymakemistakesorgethurt.PartIIListeningComprehension(30minutes)温馨提示：历年全国六级考试共考2套听力，第3套套真题听力与第2套内容完全相同，只是题目选项顺序不同，因此不再重复出现。PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionA温馨提示：2021年12月六级考试共考了2套阅读词汇理解，本套阅读词汇理解与第2套内容完全一样，因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.IdentitheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderivedYoumaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswersheet2.Whyfacsdon'tchangeourmindsA)TheeconomistJ.K.Galbraithoncewrote,Facedwithachoicebetweenchangingone'smindandprovingthereisnoneedtodoso,almosteveryonegetsbusywiththeproof.B)LeoTolstoywasevenbolder:Themostdifficultsubjectscanbeexplainedtothemostslow-wittedmanifhehasnotformedanyideaofthemalready;butthesimplestthingcannotbemadecleartothemostintelligentmanifheisfirmlypersuadedthatheknowsalready,withoutashadowofadoubt,whatislaidbeforehim.C)What'sgoingonhere?Whydon'tfactschangeourminds?Andwhywouldsomeonecontinuetobelieveafalseorinaccurateideaanyway?Howdosuchbehaviorsserveus?Humansneedareasonablyaccurateviewoftheworldinordertosurvive.Ifyourmodelofrealityiswildlydifferentfromtheactualworld,thenyoustruggletotakeeffectiveactionseachday.However,truthandaccuracyarenottheonlythingsthatmattertothehumanmind.Humansalsoseemtohaveadeepdesiretobelong.D)InAtomicHabits,Iwrote,Humansareherdanimals.Wewanttofitin,tobondwith2021年12月真题第3套第1页共7页others,andtoearntherespectandapprovalofourpeers.Suchinclinationsareessentialtooursurvival.Formostofourevolutionaryhistory,ourancestorslivedintribes.Becomingseparatedfromthetribe—orworse,beingcastout一wasadeathsentence.E)Understandingthetruthofasituationisimportant,butsoisremainingpartofatribeWhilethesetwodesiresoftenworkwelltogether,theyoccasionallycomeintoconflict.Inmanycircumstances,socialconnectionisactuallymorehelpfultoyourdailylifethanunderstandingthetruthofaparticularfactoridea.TheHarvardpsychologistStevenPinkerputitthisway,Peopleareembracedorcondemnedaccordingtotheirbeliefs,soonefunctionofthemindmaybetoholdbeliefsthatbringthebelief-holderthegreatestnumberofallies,protectors,ordisciples（信徒），ratherthanbeliefsthataremostlikelytobetrue.F)Wedon'talwaysbelievethingsbecausetheyarecorrect.Sometimeswebelievethingsbecausetheymakeuslookgoodtothepeoplewecareabout.IthoughtKevinSimlerputitwellwhenhewrote,Ifabrainanticipatesthatitwillberewardedforadoptingaparticularbelief,it'sperfectlyhappytodoso,anddoesn'tmuchcarewheretherewardcomesfromwhetherit'spragmatic（实用主义的）（betteroutcomesresultingfrobetterdecisions),social(bettertreatmentfromone'speers),orsomemixofthetwo.G)Falsebeliefscanbeusefulinasocialsenseeveniftheyarenotusefulinafactualsense.Forlackofabetterphrase,wemightcallthisapproachfactuallyfalse,butsociallyaccurate.Whenwehavetochoosebetweenthetwo,peopleoftenselectfriendsandfamilyoverfacts.Thisinsightnotonlyexplainswhywemightholdourtongueatadinnerpartyorlooktheotherwaywhenourparentssaysomethingoffensive,butalsorevealsabetterwaytochangethemindsofothers.H)Convincingsomeonetochangetheirmindisreallytheprocessofconvincingthemtochangetheirtribe.Iftheyabandontheirbeliefs,theyruntheriskoflosingsocialtiesYoucan'texpectsomeonetochangetheirmindifyoutakeawaytheircommunitytooYouhavetogivethemsomewheretogo.Nobodywantstheirworldviewtomapartiflonelinessistheoutcome.I)Thewaytochangepeople'smindsistobecomefriendswiththem,tointegratethemintoyourtribe,tobringthemintoyourcircle.Now,theycanchangetheirbeliefswithouttheriskofbeingabandonedsocially.J)Perhapsitisnotdifference,butdistance,thatbreedstribalismandhostility.Asproximityincreases,sodoesunderstanding.lamremindedofAbrahamLincoln'squote,Idon'tlikethatman.Imustgettoknowhimbetter.K)Factsdon'tchangeourminds.Friendshipdoes.Yearsago,BenCasnochamentionedanideatomethatIhaven'tbeenabletoshake:Thepeoplewhoaremostlikelytochangeourmindsaretheonesweagreewithon98percentoftopics.Ifsomeoneyouknow,2021年12月真题第3套第2页共7页like,andtrustbelievesaradicalidea,youaremorelikelytogiveitmerit,weight,orconsideration.Youalreadyagreewiththeminmostareasoflife.Maybeyoushouldchangeyourmindonthisonetoo.Butifsomeonewildlydifferentthanyouproposesthesameradicalidea,well,it'seasytodismissthemasnuts.L)Onewaytovisualizethis小stinctionisbymappingbeliefsonaspectrum.Ifyoudividethisspectruminto10unitsandyoufindyourselfatPosition7,thenthereislittlesenseintryingtoconvincesomeoneatPosition1.Thegapistoowide.Whenyou'reatPosition7,yourtimeisbetterspentconnectingwithpeoplewhoareatPositions6and8,graduallypullingtheminyourdirection.M)Themostheatedargumentsof