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TheplussignisusedinadditionandtheminusisusedinsubtractionHissonislearningtomultiplyanddividesquare正方形circle圆形triangle三角形line线Parallelogram平行四边形rectangle长方形加用plus,and或add表示;等于用is,make,equal等词表示。2+3=?可表示为:Howmuchistwoplusthree?2+3=5Twoplusthreeisfive.Twoandthreeisequaltofive.Twoandthreemakesfive.Twoaddedtothreeequalsfive.Ifweaddtwoto/andthree,wegetfive.减用minus或takefrom表示10-6=?Howmuchistenminussix?10-6=4Tenminussixisfour.Takesixfromtenandtheremainderisfour.Six(taken)fromtenisfour.十减去六等于四乘用time(动词)或multiply表示3X4=?Howmuchisthreetimesfour?3X4=12Threetimesfouris/aretwelve.Multiplythreebyfour,wegettwelve.Threemultipliedbyfourmakestwelve.三乘以四等于十二除用divide的过去分词形式表示16÷4=?Howmuchissixteendividedbyfour?16÷4=4Sixteendividedbyfourisfour.Sixteendividedbyfourequals/gives/makesfour.十六除以四等于四。英语分数的表示法:一、用“基数词+序数词”表示分数在英语中通常是借助于基数词和序数词来共同表达的。其中基数词表示分子,序数词表示分母。如:1.Thecentimeterisone-tenthofthedecimeterorone-hundredthofthemeter.厘米是分米的十分之一,或者说是米的百分之一。2.However,thenumberofboyswillbeathirdorlessthanthegirlsintheclass.但是,班里男生的人数将比女生少三分之一或更少。从以上例子可以看出:分子除用one外,也可用a;如果分子大于1,分母要用复数形式。但是,1/2不能说a(one)second,而要说a(one)half。例如:3.Thesumofonehalf,onethirdandonefourthofacertainnumberis13.某数的1/2,1/3和1/4的和是13。1/4和3/4可以说a(one)fourth和threefourths,但常用aquarter和threequarters表示。应该注意的是,分数修饰名词时,若该名词是不可数名词只能用单数;若是可数名词,用单数或复数均可。但是,若它们在句子中作主语,则谓语动词是用单数还是复数取决于名词,即与分数所修饰的名词保持一致。例如:4.Onlyone-fifthofairconsistsofoxygen.氧气只占空气的1/5。5.Abouttwothirdsofthestudentsattendthemeeting.大约2/3的学生都参加了会议。带分数也是常见的英语数词表达。所谓带分数,实际上是“整数+分数”,表达时分而述之,只是整数部分与分数部分要用连词and连接。当带分数修饰名词时,该名词通常是复数,但若名词置于整数one或a之后,则用单数。“带分数+名词”作主语时,谓语动词根据临近原则要用复数。例如:6.Youshouldfinishtheworkwithinoneandafourthhours.你应在1.25小时内完成工作。7.Theatombreaksupinaminuteandaquarter.原子在1.25分钟内裂变。二、用percent等表示表示百分之一可以说one(a)hundredth,但更常用onepercent或percent,即用百分数表示法来表达。例如:8.Ourbodiesare65percentwater.我们人体含65%水分。9.Seventy-fivepercentoftheearth'ssur-faceiscoveredbywater.地球表面的75%被水覆盖着。10.Eighty-fivepercentofthestudentsinEnglishdepartmentaregirls.英语系85%的学生是女生。三、用part表示名词part有“……分之一”的意思,分子大于1时,part用复数。表示分数的结构一般有以下三种:(1)“基数词(或a)+序数词+part(s)”ahundredpart百分之一(2)“基数词+part(s)+in+基数词”fivepartsinonethousand千分之五(3)“基数词+part(s)+per+基数词”onepartpermillion百万分之一四、用“基数词+介词+基数词”表示借助介词表示分数,介词前的数词是分子,介词后的数词是分母。例如:11.Ninety-ninepeopleoutofahundred,iftheywereaskedwhofirstfoundAmerica,wouldanswerClumbus.如果要问是谁首先发现美洲,一百个人中有九十九个(百分之九十九)将回答是哥伦布。这种结构中的介词主要有in,outof,of以及to12.Themapisdrawntoascaleofoneoftenthousand.这张地图是按万分之一的比例绘制的。1.“A+be+倍数+as+计量形容词原级+as+B”Thistreeisthreetimesastallasthatone.这棵树是那棵树的三倍高。Hisfatheristwiceasoldashe.他父亲的年纪有他两倍大。2.“A+be+倍数+计量形容词比较级+than+B”TheYangtzeRiverisalmosttwicelongerthanthePearlRiver.长江差不多比珠江长两倍。Thedictionaryisexactlyfivetimesmoreexpensivethanthatone.这本字典比那本恰好贵5倍。3.“A+be+倍数+the+计量名词+of+B”Thenewlybroadenedsquareidfourtimesthesizeofthepreviousone.新扩建的广场是未扩建时的四倍大。4.“The+计量名词+of+A+be+倍数+that+of+B”Thesizeofthenewlybroadenedsquareisfourtimesthatofthepreviousone.新扩建的广场为以前的四倍大。5.其它I'mtwice/doublehisage.我的年龄是他的两倍。I'vepaidfivetimestheusualpriceforthestamp.我出了5倍于往常的价格买这枚邮票。Theaverageincomeofthestaffhasbeenincreasedby50percentcomparedwithlastyear.与去年相比,该单位职工的收入增加了50%。ThepriceofTVsaretwofold(adj.两部分的,双重的)downovertheseyears.近几年来,电视机的价格下降了两倍。点point线line面plane体solid线段segment射线radial平行parallel相交intersect角angle角度degree弧度radian锐角acuteangle直角rightangle钝角obtuseangle平角straightangle周角perigon底base边side高height三角形triangle锐角三角形acutetriangle直角三角形righttriangle直角边leg斜边hypotenuse勾股定理Pythagoreantheorem钝角三角形obtusetriangle不等边三角形scalenetriangle等腰三角形isoscelestriangle等边三角形equilateraltriangle四边形quadrilateral平行四边形parallelogram矩形rectangle长length宽width菱形rhomb,rhombus,rhombi(pl.),diamond正方形square梯形trapezoid直角梯形righttrapezoid等腰梯形isoscelestrapezoid五边形pentagon六边形hexagon七边形heptagon八边形octagon九边形enneagon十边形decagon十一边形hendecagon十二边形dodecagon多边形polygon正多边形equilateralpolygon圆circle圆心centre(BrE),center(AmE)半径radius直径diameter圆周率pi弧arc半圆semicircle扇形sector环ring椭圆ellipse圆周circumference周长perimeter面积area轨迹locus,loca(pl.)相似similar全等congruent四面体tetrahedron五面体pentahedron六面体hexahedron平行六面体parallelepiped立方体cube七面体heptahedron八面体octahedron九面体enneahedron十面体decahedron十一面体hendecahedron十二面体dodecahedron二十面体icosahedron多面体polyhedron棱锥pyramid棱柱prism棱台frustumofaprism旋转rotation轴axis圆锥cone圆柱cylinder圆台frustumofacone球sphere半球hemisphere底面undersurface表面积surfacearea体积volume空间space坐标系coordinates坐标轴x-axis,y-axis,z-axis横坐标x-coordinate纵坐标y-coordinate原点origin双曲线hyperbola抛物线parabola·三角trigonometry常用语法术语表句法syntax词法morphology结构structure层次rank词类partofspeech实词notionalword虚词structruralword名词noun专有名词propernoun普通名词commonnoun可数名词countablenoun不可数名词uncountablenoun抽象名词abstractnoun具体名词concretmoun物质名词materialnoun集体名词collectivenoun个体名词individualnoun介词preposition连词conjunction动词verb主动词mainverb及物动词transitiveverb不及物动词intransitiveverb系动词linkverb助动词auxiliaryverb情态动词modalverb规则动词regularverb不规则动词irregularverb短语动词phrasalverb限定动词finiteverb非限定动词infiniteverb使役动词causativeverb感官动词verbofsenses动态动词eventverb静态动词stateverb感叹词exclamation副词adverb方式副词adverbofmanner程度副词adverbofdegree时间副词adverboftime地点副词adverbofplace修饰性副词adjunct连接性副词conjunct疑问
本文标题:英语奥数词汇
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